Delayed optical feedback-regulated artificial soliton molecule in a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator

Yu Cai; Jintao Fan; Fanchao Meng; Youjian Song; Minglie Hu

doi:10.1186/s43074-024-00156-1

Delayed optical feedback-regulated artificial soliton molecule in a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator

doi: 10.1186/s43074-024-00156-1

基金项目:

This research was supported by the National Key R&

D Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFB3611000), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 62205121, 62235014, 62105237, and 62227821).

计量
- 文章访问数: 57
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 2
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-12
- 录用日期: 2024-12-05
- 修回日期: 2024-11-06
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-19

Delayed optical feedback-regulated artificial soliton molecule in a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator

1.
Ultrafast Laser Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
2.
Ultrafast Laser Laboratory, College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China

Funds:

This research was supported by the National Key R&

D Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFB3611000), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 62205121, 62235014, 62105237, and 62227821).

摘要

摘要: Soliton molecules (SMs) play a crucial role in nonlinear optical systems, enriching our understanding of nonlinear science through the study of their interaction dynamics. While passively mode-locked fiber lasers offer an efficient platform for generating diverse types of SMs, the complex internal dynamics of the laser often pose challenges in achieving predetermined temporal separations between SMs. Here, we implement a delayed optical feedback technique within a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator, enabling the generation of SMs with precise and controllable temporal separations. A theoretical model, which models the intracavity iterations of the signal with a simplified Ikeda map, is proposed to study the impact of parametric gain, intracavity feedback delay, and cavity length on the internal separations of the SMs. Our experimental results confirm that adjusting the cavity length allows for producing desired temporal separations within SMs. To reveal the evolution dynamics of the SMs, we further develop a rigorous numerical model using the carrier-resolved Forward Maxwell Equation, which is capable of modeling ultra-broadband complex dynamics based on a single equation without relying on the slowly-varying envelope approximation. The numerical model unveils the rich formation dynamics of the SMs at various separations, which confirms the critical role of the gain window provided by the pump. This work opens up new opportunities for the on-demand generation of SMs and provides valuable insights into the complex dynamics in femtosecond optical parametric oscillator systems with optical delayed feedback.
- /
- /
- /
- /
- /
- /
- /
- /
- /
- /
- /
Abstract: Soliton molecules (SMs) play a crucial role in nonlinear optical systems, enriching our understanding of nonlinear science through the study of their interaction dynamics. While passively mode-locked fiber lasers offer an efficient platform for generating diverse types of SMs, the complex internal dynamics of the laser often pose challenges in achieving predetermined temporal separations between SMs. Here, we implement a delayed optical feedback technique within a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator, enabling the generation of SMs with precise and controllable temporal separations. A theoretical model, which models the intracavity iterations of the signal with a simplified Ikeda map, is proposed to study the impact of parametric gain, intracavity feedback delay, and cavity length on the internal separations of the SMs. Our experimental results confirm that adjusting the cavity length allows for producing desired temporal separations within SMs. To reveal the evolution dynamics of the SMs, we further develop a rigorous numerical model using the carrier-resolved Forward Maxwell Equation, which is capable of modeling ultra-broadband complex dynamics based on a single equation without relying on the slowly-varying envelope approximation. The numerical model unveils the rich formation dynamics of the SMs at various separations, which confirms the critical role of the gain window provided by the pump. This work opens up new opportunities for the on-demand generation of SMs and provides valuable insights into the complex dynamics in femtosecond optical parametric oscillator systems with optical delayed feedback.

HTML全文

参考文献(36)

[1]	Tang DY, Man WS, Tam HY, Drummond PD. Observation of bound states of solitons in a passively mode-locked fiber laser. Phys Rev A. 2001;64(3):033814. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.64.033814.
[2]	Mitschke FM, Mollenauer LF. Experimental observation of interaction forces between solitons in optical fibers. Opt Lett. 1987;12(5):355–7. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.12.000355.
[3]	Akhmediev NN, Ankiewicz A, Soto-Crespo JM. Multisoliton Solutions of the Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation. Phys Rev Lett. 1997;79(21):4047–51. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.4047.
[4]	Herink G, Kurtz F, Jalali B, Solli DR, Ropers C. Real-time spectral interferometry probes the internal dynamics of femtosecond soliton molecules. Science. 2017;356(6333):50–4. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aal5326.
[5]	Zhou Y, Ren YX, Shi J, Mao H, Wong KKY. Buildup and dissociation dynamics of dissipative optical soliton molecules. Optica. 2020;7(8):965–72. https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.394706.
[6]	Zou D, Song Y, Gat O, Hu M, Grelu P. Synchronization of the internal dynamics of optical soliton molecules. Optica. 2022;9(11):1307–13. https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.473819.
[7]	Stratmann M, Pagel T, Mitschke F. Experimental Observation of Temporal Soliton Molecules. Phys Rev Lett. 2005;95(14):143902. PRL. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.143902.
[8]	Kurtz F, Ropers C, Herink G. Resonant excitation and all-optical switching of femtosecond soliton molecules. Nat Photonics. 2020;14(1):9–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-019-0530-3.
[9]	Pang M, He W, Jiang X, Russell PSJ. All-optical bit storage in a fibre laser by optomechanically bound states of solitons. Nat Photonics. 2016;10(7):454–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2016.102.
[10]	Nimmesgern L, Beckh C, Kempf H, Leitenstorfer A, Herink G. Soliton molecules in femtosecond fiber lasers: universal binding mechanism and direct electronic control. Optica. 2021;8(10):1334–9. https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.439905.
[11]	Liu S, Cui Y, Karimi E, Malomed BA. On-demand harnessing of photonic soliton molecules. Optica. 2022;9(2):240–50. https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.445704.
[12]	O’Donnell CF, Kumar SC, Paoletta T, Ebrahim-Zadeh M. Widely tunable femtosecond soliton generation in a fiber-feedback optical parametric oscillator. Optica. 2020;7(5):426–33. https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.391025.
[13]	Tamulienė V, Vengris M, Sirutkaitis V. Theoretical investigation of pulse-to-pulse instabilities in a synchronously pumped femtosecond optical parametric oscillator. J Opt Soc Am B. 2020;37(2):473–7. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.380350.
[14]	Parra-Rivas P, Mas Arabí C, Leo F. Dissipative localized states and breathers in phase-mismatched singly resonant optical parametric oscillators: Bifurcation structure and stability. Phys Rev Res. 2022;4(1):013044. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.4.013044.
[15]	Steinle T, Greiner JN, Wrachtrup J, Giessen H, Gerhardt I. Unbiased All-Optical Random-Number Generator. Phys Rev X. 2017;7(4):041050. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.7.041050.
[16]	Soriano MC, García-Ojalvo J, Mirasso CR, Fischer I. Complex photonics: Dynamics and applications of delay-coupled semiconductors lasers. Rev Mod Phys. 2013;85(1):421–70. https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.85.421.
[17]	Oliver N, Soriano MC, Sukow DW, Fischer I. Dynamics of a semiconductor laser with polarization-rotated feedback and its utilization for random bit generation. Opt Lett. 2011;36(23):4632–4. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.36.004632.
[18]	Friart G, Weicker L, Danckaert J, Erneux T. Relaxation and square-wave oscillations in a semiconductor laser with polarization rotated optical feedback. Opt Express. 2014;22(6):6905–18. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.006905.
[19]	Lawrence JS, Kane DM. Contrasting conventional optical and phase-conjugate feedback in laser diodes. Phys Rev A. 2001;63(3):033805. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.63.033805.
[20]	Virte M, Karsaklian Dal Bosco A, Wolfersberger D, Sciamanna M. Chaos crisis and bistability of self-pulsing dynamics in a laser diode with phase-conjugate feedback. Phys Rev A. 2011;84(4):043836. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.84.043836.
[21]	Malica T, Bouchez G, Wolfersberger D, Sciamanna M. Spatiotemporal complexity of chaos in a phase-conjugate feedback laser system. Opt Lett. 2020;45(4):819–22. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.383557.
[22]	Ma Y, Xiang S, Guo X, Song Z, Wen A, Hao Y. Time-delay signature concealment of chaos and ultrafast decision making in mutually coupled semiconductor lasers with a phase-modulated Sagnac loop. Opt Express. 2020;28(2):1665–78. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.384378.
[23]	Kovalev AV, Viktorov EA, Erneux T. Short-delayed-feedback semiconductor lasers. Phys Rev E. 2021;103(4):042206. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.103.042206.
[24]	Shumilov D, Rich RM, Gryczynski I, Raut S, Gryczynski K, Kimball J, et al. Generating multiple-pulse bursts for enhanced fluorescence detection. Methods Appl Fluoresc. 2014;2(2):024009. https://doi.org/10.1088/2050-6120/2/2/024009.
[25]	Leo F, Coen S, Kockaert P, Gorza SP, Emplit P, Haelterman M. Temporal cavity solitons in one-dimensional Kerr media as bits in an all-optical buffer. Nat Photonics. 2010;4(7):471–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2010.120.
[26]	Goda K, Jalali B. Dispersive Fourier transformation for fast continuous single-shot measurements. Nat Photonics. 2013;7(2):102–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2012.359.
[27]	Ikeda K. Multiple-valued stationary state and its instability of the transmitted light by a ring cavity system. Opt Commun. 1979;30:257–61.
[28]	Grelu P, Belhache F, Gutty F, Soto-Crespo JM. Phase-locked soliton pairs in a stretched-pulse fiber laser. Opt Lett. 2002;27(11):966–8. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.27.000966.
[29]	Wang ZQ, Nithyanandan K, Coillet A, Tchofo-Dinda P, Grelu P. Optical soliton molecular complexes in a passively mode-locked fibre laser. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):830. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08755-4.
[30]	Godin T, Sader L, Khodadad Kashi A, Hanzard PH, Hideur A, Moss DJ, et al. Recent advances on time-stretch dispersive Fourier transform and its applications. Adv Phys: X. 2022;7(1):2067487.
[31]	Boyd RW. Nonlinear Optics. Academic Press; 2008.
[32]	Cerullo G, De Silvestri S. Ultrafast optical parametric amplifiers. Rev Sci Instrum. 2003;74(1):1–18. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1523642.
[33]	Meng F, Liu B, Wang S, Liu J, Li Y, Wang C, et al. Controllable two-color dispersive wave generation in argon-filled hypocycloid-core kagome fiber. Opt Express. 2017;25(26):32972–84. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.032972.
[34]	Conforti M, Baronio F, Angelis CD. Ultrabroadband Optical Phenomena in Quadratic Nonlinear Media. IEEE Photonics J. 2010;2(4):600–10. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2010.2051537.
[35]	Fan J, Gu C, Wang C, Hu M. Extended femtosecond laser wavelength range to 330 nm in a high power LBO based optical parametric oscillator. Opt Express. 2016;24(12):13250–7. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.013250.
[36]	Floess M, Steinle T, Giessen H. Spectrally resolved ultrafast transient dynamics of a femtosecond fiber-feedback optical parametric oscillator. Opt Express. 2023;31(26):44680–92. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.509472.

施引文献

资源附件(0)

点击查看大图

计量

文章访问数: 57
HTML全文浏览量: 0
PDF下载量: 2
被引次数: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

留言板

Delayed optical feedback-regulated artificial soliton molecule in a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator

doi: 10.1186/s43074-024-00156-1

计量

Delayed optical feedback-regulated artificial soliton molecule in a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator

计量

目录

PhotoniX

联系我们

友情链接

留言板

Delayed optical feedback-regulated artificial soliton molecule in a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator

doi: 10.1186/s43074-024-00156-1

计量

出版历程

Delayed optical feedback-regulated artificial soliton molecule in a femtosecond optical parametric oscillator

计量

出版历程

目录

PhotoniX

联系我们

友情链接